Iranian Journal of Operations Research

Scheduling of incompatible families of jobs on a single batch processing machine to minimize the weighted number of tardy jobs and consumption of electrical energy

Fariborz Jolai

This paper considers the optimization problem of scheduling jobs with identical sizes on a single batch processing machine. The jobs are divided into some incompatible families where each family contains the jobs with the same processing times and the jobs from different families could not proceed in the same batch. Our optimization problem has two objectives. The first objective is minimizing the weighted number of tardy jobs regarding the due dates of jobs given by customers. The second one aims to minimize operations costs by finding the schedules with the minimum electrical cost consummation under the Time-of-Use tariff policy. A two-objective mixed integer programming mathematical programming is proposed to find optimal solutions for small-size instances of the problem. To solve the medium and large-scale size of the problem, two meta-heuristic algorithms NSGA-II and MOPSO are proposed. The Computational experiments results show that two solution algorithms are capable to find near-optimal solutions at a reasonable computational time. The MOPSO algorithm generate more diverse solutions in less computational time comparing with NSGA II algorithm. But the quality of the solutions obtained by NSGA II algorithm are superior to the ones obtained by MOPSO.

Organizational strategy development using MADM and risk benefit analysis in fuzzy environment

Yahia Zare Mehrjerdi

In third world countries, organizational leaders rarely have figured out to consider happiness and joy of work as a part of the system they are managing. Usually, happiness in organizations is not considered as a management style. Gradually, it became obvious that joy and fun at the workplace will decrease the health care costs, enhances the customers’ loyalty, and increases productivity and profits as a result. Most research on this subject matter relied upon very specific case studies. No research exits dealing with the risks and benefits of Joyful organization. The objectives of this paper are twofold: (1) to utilize hierarchical fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to determine the most suitable type of Joyful Organization (JO), and (2) to list key risks and benefits of Joyful Organization. This researcher explains the importance of selection criteria for evaluation of Joyful organizations. It provides key elements on JO, Quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM), and fuzzy hierarchical TOPSIS methodology. Since QSPM is used with SWOT by many practitioners and researchers in various fields of study, it was selected as a tool for validation purposes. A case study is taken under consideration and results are explained for both approaches. The finding of this research points to the suitability of semi conventional organization strategy which means implementing about 50% of the rules of main cultural organizations. A sensitivity analysis was performed on TOPSIS using the weights generated by the hierarchical fuzzy TOPSIS approach, Shannon entropy weight, and TOPSIS approach. The ranking results obtained are identical for all these three cases.

A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of the Scientific Literature on DEA models under the Common Set of Weights

Hamid Babaei Meybodi

Over the past few decades, there has been a growing need to address the limitations of the Data Envelopment Analysis methodology, particularly the issue of freely selecting weights. As a result, common weight models have emerged and expanded. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CSW methods, analyzing papers and bibliometric information through a systematic literature review. In this study, a total of 116 articles on CSW published between 1991 and 2022 were carefully selected and reviewed. These contributions were categorized based on specific features related to the computational technique or the main purpose of the procedure. The findings revealed that uncertain models had the highest share among the articles in the field of CSW. Furthermore, the Journal of Expert Systems with Applications emerged as the leading journal in terms of the number of publications on CSW models in DEA. The analysis of the bibliometric information of the articles was carried out using advanced software tools, including R-Studio and VOS Viewer... This review offers valuable insights and discussion, which can guide future research endeavors in this field. By addressing the limitations of DEA and exploring various CSW methods, this study contributes to the advancement of knowledge and understanding in this area.

A Vehicle Location-Routing Model for Waste Management Problem under Fuzzy Flexible Conditions

Fateme Ghaffarifar

One of the most important and widely used problems in the logistics part ‎of ‎any supply chain is the location-routing problem (LRP) of vehicles. The ‎‎purpose is to select distribution centers to supply goods for ‎‎customers and create suitable travel routes for vehicles to serve ‎customers.‎ Studies conducted in the field of supply chain logistics systems have shown that if vehicle travel routing is neglected when locating supply centers, the costs of the logistics system may increase dramatically. Therefore, in the LRP problem, the location of supply centers and the routing of vehicles are considered simultaneously. In this paper, we will present a multi-objective model for vehicle location-routing problems with a flexible fuzzy ‎approach. Its' goals are to make strategic decisions to deploy ‎candidate supply centers at the beginning of the planning horizon, as well as ‎form the vehicle travel at the tactical level to serve the customers in ‎short-term periods of time. Therefore, in ‎order to adapt the mathematical model to the real conditions, the ‎constraints related to the capacity of the vehicles have been considered in a ‎flexible fuzzy state, and also the problem has been modeled in a multi-period state along with the presence of the distance limit and the ‎accessibility factor for each vehicle. The evaluation criterion is to minimize costs related to the establishment of candidate supply centers, the fixed cost of using vehicles and transportation costs, as well as maximizing customer satisfaction by reducing shortage costs and reducing harmful environmental effects. To solve the model, it is first converted into a single-objective model using the weight method and then solved using the proposed algorithm. Finally, using a numerical example in the field of waste management, the effectiveness of the proposed solution method is shown. It should be mentioned that the model was solved using GAMS software and the results are shown.

Fully fuzzy solid transportation problems with k-scale trapezoidal fuzzy numbers

babak khabiri

A transportation problem involving three constraints: source, destination, and conveyance, where all parameters of the problem are fuzzy is called Fully Fuzzy Solid Transportation Problem (FFSTP). In this paper, a new method is proposed to find an optimal solution of an unbalanced FFSTP which the fuzzy numbers are considered to be k-scale trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The k-scale trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are a generalization of symmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers which are considered recently in the literature. In this method, using a new ranking method, we transform the unbalanced FFSTP into a crisp linear programming formulation and ﬁnd a fuzzy optimal solution for it. The considered model is not necessary balanced and introduced method will solve that without convert it to a balanced model. The advantages of the proposed method are also discussed.

Efficient algorithms for uncapacitated facility location problem on uncertain environments

Behrooz Alizadeh

In an uncapacitated facility location problem, the aim is to find the best locations for facilities on a specific network in order to service the existing clients at the maximum total profit or minimum cost. In this paper, we investigate the uncapacitated facility location problem where the profits of the demands and the opening costs of the facilities are uncertain values. We first present the belief degree-constrained, expected value and tail value at risk programming models of the problem under investigation. Then, we apply the concepts of the uncertainty theory to transform these uncertain programs into the corresponding deterministic optimization models. The efficient algorithms
are provided for deriving the optimal solutions the problem under investigation.

Structural modeling of the effect of supply chain complexity on competitiveness performance (Case study: Iran Khodro Company)

Hoda Moradi

As one of the main challenges of the 21st century supply chain, complexity has become a crisis, costly, and difficult for many supply chain managers. However, few studies have prioritized this strategy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of supply chain complexity on competitiveness performance in the Iran Khodro Company. To achieve this goal, the relationship between different sources of complexity (upstream complexity, domestic production, and downstream complexity) and competitiveness performance is examined using a conceptual model. The statistical population of this study included all Iran Khodro experts, whose number reached 218 in 2022. Owing to the limitations of the statistical community, all members were selected as a sample. The collection tools for this study included two standard questionnaires: the supply chain and Porter's competitiveness performance. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts, its construct validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, and the reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the combined reliability index. The collected data were analyzed using the structural equations in the LISREL software. The results of hypothesis testing show that, in general, supply chain complexity has a significant inverse effect on competitiveness performance.

System dynamics approach to model the interactions among the factors of urban land allocation and people wellbeing and satisfaction in city development

Yahia Zare Mehrjerdi

Abstract
Urban land allocation, planning and management are a complicate problem challenging the decision makers and policy writers all around the Word. The multi objectivity nature of the problem has engaged researchers to deal with the environmental, ecological, economical, social, recreational, commercial, and residential problems simultaneously, in any region, for better decision making. These modelers neglected to consider people’s satisfaction and wellbeing due to land allocation, planning, and development. Complex problems as such as land allocation and planning are in need of suitable integrated model building for solution and analysis. It was to this end that this author proposes a system dynamics approach for studying the impacts of the decisions made, by the policy makers in the long run, on the community’ satisfaction using computer simulation. Taking one land allocation decision into consideration, the results of our proposed dynamic modeling points to this reality that people’s level of satisfaction improves, their level of incomes enhance, and the quality of their lives increases with the passage of time.

Applying Envelopment Form of Fuzzy DEA to Evaluating the Cost Efficiency of DMUs

jafar pourmahmoud

In cost efficiency models, the capability of producing observed outputs of a target decision making unit (DMU) is evaluated by its minimum cost. Traditional cost efficiency models are considered for situations where data set is known for each DMU, while, some of them are imprecise in practice. Several studies have carried out to evaluate cost efficiency using fuzzy data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods for dealing with the imprecise data that have drawbacks. The issue of presenting improve strategy is ignored for inefficient units, as well as the applied models are not easily implemented. This paper proposes a new extension to evaluate fuzzy cost efficiency using fuzzy extended multiplication and division operations. This method offers a fully fuzzy model with triangular fuzzy input-output data along with triangular fuzzy input prices. In the proposed extension, a new definition of fuzzy cost efficiency is suggested based on the extended operations. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the applicability of the proposed models.

Supply Chain Sustainability Assessment using Hybrid Simulation-Optimization Modeling

Nazanin Pilevari

Abstract
Objective: From economic, environmental and social perspectives, the sustainability of the supply chain can give a competitive advantage to organizations. By designing a hybrid discrete event agent-based simulation model based on the simulation-optimization approach and meta-heuristic algorithms, this study has sought to evaluate the sustainability of the supply chain and improve the economic, environmental and social objectives of the supply chain.
Method: First, by identifying supply chain agents, an agent-based simulation model is developed. After designing the hybrid simulation model, the verification and validation phases are performed. By combining the simulation model with meta-heuristic algorithms and using the simulation-optimization approach, the optimal/near-optimal values of the components affecting the sustainability of the supply chain are finally extracted.
Findings: In addition to being able to reflect all the complexities of supply chains, the hybrid simulation optimization approach can also improve the key components affecting the sustainability of the supply chain.
Results: Implementation of sustainable supply chain components without optimizing the key variables of the supply chain can lead to the deterioration of performance and sustainability of the supply chain. The components of the maximum levels of product and inventory maintenance and how to implement environmental and social aspects in all the elements of the supply chain have a direct effect on the chain performance and should have appropriate values in different scenarios.