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Natural gas is a critical energy source that substantially contributes to meeting national energy demand. Iran possesses the world's second-largest natural gas reserves. In South Khorasan province, natural gas coverage is extensive, reaching 100% of urban households, 99.9% of rural households, and a large proportion of industrial facilities. This study examines the effects of natural gas supply to agricultural and production centers on production efficiency and economic profitability. The research is applied and employs a descriptive–survey design with a mixed-methods approach, combining structured questionnaires and expert interviews. The sample consisted of 165 respondents from the agricultural sector and 150 respondents from the production sector. Results indicate that supplying natural gas to agricultural and production centers enhances resource utilization, reduces energy costs, improves operational efficiency, and diminishes air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.